El verbo “estar” con adjetivos de condición física y emocional (The Verb “estar” with Adjectives of Physical and Emotional Condition)
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These vocabulary words were read by a speaker from Santiago, Chile.
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In this section you will learn about estar to express temporary states of being, such as physical and emotional conditions or states. These states are not considered permanent, for example, someone can be happy (feliz) today but sad (triste) tomorrow. To express this, the structure estar + adjective of physical or emotional state is used. The adjective must match the gender and number of the subject. For example:
- Yo estoy feliz. 😁
- I am happy.
- Nosotros estamos cansados. 🥱🥱
- We are tired.
Note: The people depicted in the image above are described using binary forms (masculine/feminine), but keep in mind that you can also use the -e ending as a non-binary form (emocionade, preocupade, etc.). Also, remember that some adjectives such as feliz and triste are invariable in gender, that is, they only have one form for all genders, they only change in number (singular/plural).
Here is a complete list of adjectives for physical and emotional states:
- aburrido/a/e 🥱
- bored
- aliviado/a/e 😌
- relieved
- avergonzado/a/e 😳
- embarrassed
- cansado/a/e 😫
- tired
- confundido/a/e 😕
- confused
- decepcionado/a/e 😔
- disappointed
- emocionado/a/e 🤩
- excited
- enojado/a/e 😡
- angry
- estresado/a/e 😣
- stressed
- feliz / alegre 😄
- happy /joyful
- nervioso/a/e 😓
- nervous
- preocupado/a/e 😥
- worried
- sorprendido/a/e 😯
- surprised
- tranquilo/a/e 🧘
- calm
- triste 😢
- sad
Here are some more examples of estar with adjectives of physical and emotional state:
- Ellas están decepcionadas con el restaurante. 🍽️
- They are disappointed with the restaurant.
- Ustedes están nerviosos antes del concierto. 🎤
- We are nervous before the concert.
- Elle está tranquile después del examen. 🧘
- They are calm after the exam.
Remember:
✅ Estar + adjective describes temporary states like emotions and physical conditions.
✅ Adjectives must agree in gender and number with the subject.